Can I rent out my shop or property to a business that sells alcohol or does interest-based lending?

The default is that this is not permitted, because the rent is being taken in exchange for enabling a ḥarām activity, and Allah says: "Cooperate in righteousness and piety, and do not cooperate in sin and transgression." Khamr is declared filth and forbidden outright, and the Prophet ﷺ cursed wine along with the one who carries it and the one to whom it is carried — which shows that facilitating the ḥarām shares in its sin. The same reasoning covers premises leased knowingly for ribā-based finance, gambling, or immorality. There is a recorded difference: Abū Ḥanīfah permitted leasing a building to a tenant who would then sell wine in it, holding that the sin attaches to the tenant's own act and not to the lease, but his two companions Abū Yūsuf and Muḥammad, along with the majority of scholars, prohibited it — and this is the stronger view. If you did not know at the time of the contract and the tenant later changed the use, you are not sinful for the past, but you should not renew the lease. Where the tenant's business is mixed, and the ḥarām is neither the purpose of the lease nor known to you, the contract is not invalidated by a mere possibility.

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