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Q&A · Islamic History

What was the Treaty of Ḥudaybiyyah, and why did Allah call it a clear victory?

In 6 AH the Prophet ﷺ set out for ʿumrah but was halted by the Quraysh at Ḥudaybiyyah, where a truce was agreed whose terms outwardly seemed unfavorable to the Muslims, including a ten-year peace and the postponement of that year's pilgrimage. Yet Allah revealed, "Indeed We have granted you a clear victory" (Quran 48:1), because the peace opened the door to daʿwah and large numbers entered Islam in the two years that followed. It was at Ḥudaybiyyah that the Companions gave the Pledge of Riḍwān beneath the tree, and Allah declared His pleasure with them (Quran 48:18). When Quraysh's allies broke the truce, it led directly to the conquest of Makkah.

Informational, not a personal fatwa. Consult a qualified scholar for rulings on your situation.

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