When do you raise your hands (raf' al-yadayn) during salah?

It is a confirmed Sunnah to raise the hands to the level of the shoulders or earlobes at three points: when saying the opening takbir, when going down into ruku', and when rising from ruku'. This is established from Ibn 'Umar, who reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) raised his hands at these times but did not do so between the two prostrations. There is legitimate ikhtilaf: the Hanafi school holds that the hands are raised only at the opening takbir, while the majority (including the Shafi'i and Hanbali schools) act on the fuller Sunnah of raising at all three points.

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